SCIENCE ACADEMIC VOCABULARY
Chapter 1 Life Processes
Chapter 2 Adaptation and Extinction
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Chapter 3 Energy in Ecosystems
Chapter 4 Cycles and Patterns in Space
Chapter 5 Slow Changes on Earth
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Chapter 6 Using Weather Data
Chapter 7 Properties of Matter
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Chapter 8 Electricity and Magnetism
Chapter 9 Light
Chapter 10 Forces and Motion
Simple Machines
Simple Machine-- A device with one or two parts that changes a force
Chapter 1 Life Processes
- 1. Cell--the building blocks of all living thing
- 2. Life Process--things that an organism must do to stay aliv
- 3. Reproduce--to make more living things of the same kin
- 4. Chlorophyll--green material found in plants that traps sunligh
- 5. Photosynthesis--the process plants use to make foo
- 6. Germinate--to begin to grow a new plan
- 7. Life cycle--a series of stages that occurs during the lifetime of all organisms (example: egg, larva, pupa, adult
- 8. Adult--fully grown; matur
- 9. Life Span--the time from birth to deat
- 10. Egg--the first stage of a life cycle in most animal
- 11. Larva--wormlike form that hatches from the eg
- 12. Nymph--second stage of incomplete metamorphosis (looks like adult without wings
- 13. Metamorphosis--process by which some organisms completely change forms
- 14. Complete metamorphosis--to completely change into another thing
Chapter 2 Adaptation and Extinction
- 15. Adaptation--a physical feature or behavior that helps an organism survive in its habitat
- 16. Camouflage--to blend in
- 17. Habitat--where an organism lives
- 18. Hibernate--to go into a deep sleep
- 19. Mimicry--to look like something else
- 20. Extinct--no more of that species is living
- 21. Migrate--to move from place to place in search of food
- 22. Species--group of organisms that reproduces the same organisms
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Chapter 3 Energy in Ecosystems
- 23. Carnivore--eats only meat
- 24. Herbivore--eats only plants
- 25. Omnivore--eats both plants and animals
- 26. Food chain--the path of food energy in an ecosystem (from sun to plants to animals)
- 27. Food web--the overlap of two or more food chains
Chapter 4 Cycles and Patterns in Space
- 28. Phases of the Moon--the different ways the moon looks throughout the month
- 29. Crescent moon--a thin part of the moon’s near side is sunlit
- 30. Full moon--all of the moon’s near side is sunlight
- 31. New moon--all of the moon’s near side has no light
- 32. Quarter moon--half of the moon’s near side is sunlit
- 33. Waning moon--decreasing amount of the moon’s near side is sunlit
- 34. Waxing moon--increasing amount of the moon’s near side is sunlit
Chapter 5 Slow Changes on Earth
- 35. Erosion--The movement of rock and material from one place to another
- 36. Glacier--a large mass of slow moving ice
- 37. Weathering--the wearing a way of rock into smaller pieces
- 38. Deposition--to drop dirt and sediment by wind, water, ice
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Chapter 6 Using Weather Data
- 39. Weather--conditions of the atmosphere at a specific place and time
- 40. Water cycle--the movement of water into the air as water vapor and back to earth as precipitation
- 41. Condensation--changing from a gas to a liquid
- 42. Evaporation--changing from a liquid to a gas
- 43. Precipitation--any form of water that falls from the cloud
- 44.Climate--the average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time
- 45. Polar climate--very cold temperatures, locate near North and South Pole
- 46. Temperate climate--places that have warm dry summers and cold wet winters
- 47. Tropical climate--hot and rainy most of the year
- 48. Barometer--measures air pressure
- 49. Anemometer measures wind speed
- 50. Thermometer--measures temperature
- 51. Microscope--enlarges small things
- 52. Balance--like a scale to measure mass
Chapter 7 Properties of Matter
- 53. Mass--the amount of matter in an object
- 54. Metric system--a system of measurement based on multiples of 10
- 55. Volume--the amount of space that matter takes up
- 56. Weight--the measure of the pull of gravity on an object
- 57. Energy--the ability to cause change
- 58. Physical change--change in the size, shape, or state of matter that does not change into a new matter.
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Chapter 8 Electricity and Magnetism
- 59. Static electricity--an electric charge that builds up on a material
- 60. Conductors--materials that electricity can move through easily
- 61. Insulator--prevent electricity from flowing through
- 62. Parallel circuit--has more than one pathway
- 63. Series circuit--has one pathway or loop
- 64. Magnet--attracts metals, mainly iron
- 65. Magnetic poles--two areas of a magnet with the greatest force (N and S)
Chapter 9 Light
- 66. Light--a form of energy you can see
- 67. Opaque--no light can pass through (wood, metal)
- 68. Translucent--allows only some light to pass through (frosted glass)
- 69. Transparent--all light passes through (window)
- 70. Refract--to bend light
- 71. Reflect--to bounce light back
- 72. Absorb--to soak up light
Chapter 10 Forces and Motion
- 73. Motion--a change in objects position compared to objects around it
- 74. Position--an objects location or place
- 75. Speed--a measure of the distance an object travels in a certain amount of time
- 76. Force--a push that moves an object away or a pull that brings it nearer
- 77. Friction--a force that slows or stops motion between two touching surfaces
- 78. Gravity--the force that pulls bodies or objects toward other bodies or objects
Simple Machines
Simple Machine-- A device with one or two parts that changes a force
- Inclined Plane-- A simple machine made of a slanted surface.
- Lever-- A simple machine made of a staff bar.
- Screw -- A simple machine made of an inclined plane wrapped around a column.
- Wedge-- A simple machine made of two inclined planes.
- Wheel and Axle-- A simple machine made of two cylinders that turn on the same axis.
- Pulley-- A simple machine made of rope fitted around the rim of a wheel.